精神分析的残酷小说:从弗洛伊德到卡夫卡,从德里达到米格诺特

Cruelfictions of Psychoanalysis: from Freud toKafka;from Derrida to Mignotte

德里达断言,精神分析遭遇的悬而未决主要问题是残酷这一存在。图里亚·米格诺特在《精神分析中的残酷、性与无意识》中回应了德里达的批判和质询。其策略是将残酷这一概念在文化和精神分析两个层面来探讨。本文在米格诺特的基础上,将这一问题放在身体层面来考察。通过将德里达对精神分析的论断与德勒兹论施虐和受虐的文章相比较,本文指明其路径上的交汇之处,并进一步讨论弗洛伊德、尼采和黑格尔的文本。本文最终聚焦卡夫卡谈普罗米修斯的短文,追溯其对残酷的思考。

Derrida has asserted that the main problem encountered by psychoanalysis is the existence of cruelty, a question that has never been solved. Touria Mignotte has responded to these criticisms and queries in Cruelty, Sexuality, and the Unconscious in Psychoanalysis by deploying a concept of cruelty that is not simply cultural but psychoanalytical. Following Mignotte’s lead, I attempt to situate the investigation at a foundational level that looks at the body. Derrida’s argument about psychoanalysis is compared with Deleuze’s essay on sadism and masochism, after which I outline points of convergence in their approaches, which leads to discussions of texts by Freud, Nietzsche and Hegel. I conclude by tackling Kafka’s rethinking of cruelty via a short text on Prometheus.