碳中和背景下天空辐射冷却技术的应用

Application of radiative sky cooling in achieving carbon neutrality

应对全球气候变化,尽早实现碳中和,加速全社会绿色低碳转型是全人类的共同期望,在此背景下,制冷技术未来的发展将面临重大转变。作为完全被动式的冷却技术,利用宇宙冷能的天空辐射冷却不消耗任何能源且不产生环境污染,是一种极具发展前景的冷却方式。在介绍辐射冷却技术基本理论的基础上,对近几年辐射冷却材料的典型技术及其冷却效果进行了归纳与总结,并进一步阐述了辐射冷却材料在不同领域的研究现状,最后总结了天空辐射冷却技术在碳中和中的应用场景以及目前辐射冷却材料面临的问题与发展趋势。辐射冷却材料的研制与应用将对我国节能减排事业做出巨大贡献。

Carbon neutrality should be achieved as soon as possible with regard to curbing global climate change.It is our common pursuit to accelerate the green and low-carbon transformation of the whole society.In this regard,the refrigeration technology faces major change on its development path.As a completely passive cooling technology,radiative sky cooling does not consume any energy or produce any environmental pollutant,which is extremely prospective.On the basis of introducing the fundamental theory of radiative cooling technology,the typical technologies and cooling effects of radiative cooling materials in recent years have been summarized.Then,we elaborate the current research status of radiative cooling materials in different fields.Finally,we analyze the application scenarios of the technology in the carbon neutralization,as well as its development trends and problems that radiative cooling materials have encountered.The development and application of radiative cooling materials make great contributions to energy conservation and emission reduction for China.