中喜马拉雅吉隆-聂拉木山区土地利用变化及居民生产活动响应

中喜马拉雅山区是亚洲重要的山地居民聚居区,2015年尼泊尔“4·25”地震对该区域社会经济产生深远影响,也全面改变了毗邻震源的西藏自治区吉隆和聂拉木山区土地利用方式,打断当地居民传统生产活动进程。文章拟对比研究地震前后吉隆、聂拉木山区土地利用变化及居民生产活动响应特征,结果发现地震前生产性用地紧张。地震后聂拉木山区难以恢复生产,而吉隆山区得益于自然条件的比较优势,农业生产恢复较快,并接替聂拉木的口岸区位,成为面向南亚的重要通商口岸,其可持续发展潜力十分可观。

The Central Himalayas is an important area inhabited by mountain residents in Asia.The"April 25"earthquake in Nepal in 2015 had a far-reaching impact on the social economy of the region,and comprehensively changed the land use patterns in the Gyirong and Nyalam mountainous areas of the Tibet Autonomous Region adjacent to the epicenter,interrupting the process of traditional production activities of local residents.This paper intends to make a comparative study on the response characteristics of land use change and residents'production activities in Gyirong and Nyalam mountainous areas before and after the earthquake.It was found that there was a shortage of productive land before the earthquake.After the earthquake,it is difficult to resume production in Nyalam mountainous area,while Gyirong mountain area benefits from the comparative advantage of natural conditions,so its agricultural production recovers quickly,and it replaces the position of Nyalam's port,and becomes an important trade port facing South Asia,with a considerable potential for sustainable development.