调节性T细胞在肝移植免疫诱导及治疗中的作用

Immune induction and therapeutic effects of regulatory T cells in liver transplantation

诱导免疫耐受一直是肝移植术后的一大难题。调节性T细胞(Tregs)近年来被发现在维持自身免疫耐受中起重要作用。Tregs一方面通过高表达CD25及细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原4维持免疫稳态,另一方面大量表达免疫抑制分子IL-10、IL-35、TGF-β和环磷酸腺苷减轻免疫反应。通过体内诱导和体外扩增的方法可有效扩增Tregs。Tregs治疗的安全性、有效性以及与免疫抑制剂联用的疗效等问题是目前临床研究的重点。本文从Tregs诱导肝移植术后免疫耐受的机制、Tregs扩增以及Tregs过继治疗的临床潜力等方面进行综述。

Induction of immune tolerance has always been a major problem after liver transplantation.In recent years,regulatory T cells(Tregs)have been found to play an important role in maintaining autoimmune tolerance.On the one hand,Tregs maintain immune homeostasis through high expression of CD25 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4,and on the other hand,a large number of immunosuppressive molecules,IL-10,IL-35,TGF-βand cAMP,are expressed to reduce the immune response.Tregs can be effectively expanded by inducing expansion in vivo and expansion in vitro.The safety,effectiveness,and the efficacy of Tregs therapy and combination with immunosuppressive agents have become the focus of current clinical research.This article summarizes the application prospects of Tregs therapy from the above aspects.