张竞生:一位富有时代特色的乡村知识分子

Zhang Jingsheng:A Rural Intellectual with the Characteristics of the Times

将张竞生的学术道路以及人生道路结合起来,可以看出,乡村问题和乡村建设问题是张竞生研究领域中的一个重要方面。不仅如此,与其他知识分子相比,张竞生还能够有意识地把他自己的大部分精力花费在中国的乡村田野调查以及乡村生活的体验这些方面。因而,张竞生是一个乡村知识分子。换一个角度来看,二十世纪是中国社会发生重大变革的时期,而社会变革的一个重要的标志则是中国的乡村变革。尽管张竞生的学术思想以及人生经历并不是紧随时代潮流的,但是,由于针对乡村社会以及乡村建设问题的关注是整个二十世纪的时代特征,所以,所有的关于张竞生的各种“独特性”的解读都应当具有特定的时代印记。正是从这个意义上说,张竞生是一位富有时代特色的乡村知识分子。

Combining Zhang Jingsheng’s academic path with his life path,it is clear that rural issues and rural construction were an important aspect of Zhang Jingsheng’s research field.In addi-tion,compared with other intellectuals,Zhang Jingsheng was able to consciously devote most of his energy to fieldwork in rural China and to the experience of rural life.Thus,Zhang Jingsheng was a rural intellectual.From another perspective,the twentieth century was a period of significant social change in China,and one of the major signs of social change was China’s rural reform.Although Zhang Jingsheng’s academic thought and life experience did not follow the trend of the times,since the concern for rural society and rural construction was a characteristic of the entire twentieth centu-ry,all interpretations of Zhang Jingsheng’s“uniqueness”should bear the specific mark of the times.In this sense,Zhang Jingsheng was a rural intellectual with the characteristics of the times.