近代天津“女性观看”解放及其困境--以观影娱乐为中心的考察

The Liberation and Predicament of"Women Watch"in Modern Tianjin:A Study Centering on Movie-Watching Entertainment

区别于传统女性借节日或庙会之机漫游闲逛,进入公共娱乐场所,进行娱乐消费、交际等活动是近代以后天津女性生活的新现象。20世纪初,以看戏、观影为主要形式的公共娱乐活动,开启了“女性观看”的解放。20世纪20年代以后,随着女性进入影院越发普遍,“女性观看”解放在观影娱乐中形成潮流,天津社会舆论有将观影娱乐女性化的倾向。但考诸史实,这种舆论倾向并非基于客观事实,而是与女性参与公共娱乐是否基于自身的经济独立、是否彰显真正的两性平等、能否杜绝性骚扰问题等息息相关。

The public entertainment activities which take watching theaters and movies as main forms opened up the liberation of"Women Watch"in the early 20th century.After the 1920s,as women entered theaters more and more,the liberation of"Women Watch"had formed a trend in the movie entertainment,and as well,the public opinion in Tianjin tended to make the movie-watching entertainment feminized.However,historical evidence shows that such a tendency of public opinion was not based on objective facts,but was closely related to whether women participated in public entertainment on account of their own economic independence,whether it really demonstrated gender equality,and whether sexual harassment could be eliminated during watching and so on.