关键核心技术竞争态势评估研究

A research on evaluation of the competitive situation of key core technologies

中美经贸摩擦背景下,我国在关键核心技术领域受制于人的局面日益突出,评估关键核心技术国际竞争态势,对于把握关键核心技术攻关方向、突破关键核心技术难点至关重要。基于对关键核心技术与高质量核心专利关系的梳理,本文以专利表征技术,从专利技术性、经济性和法律性三个维度识别关键核心技术,创新性地引入t-SNE算法绘制关键核心技术原创国竞争态势图谱,并通过构建技术差距指数定量评估关键核心技术竞争态势。集成电路领域的实证研究表明本文构建的关键核心技术竞争态势评估方法有助于明晰国内外竞争态势及薄弱点,推进关键核心技术的重点突破,对提升我国科技创新能力具有重要的现实意义和战略价值。

At present,the competition of national strength increasingly shows the overall competition situation with scientific and technological competition as the core.Against the background of trade disputes between China and the United States,China is increasingly constrained by others in key basic materials,core basic components,high-end universal chips and other strategic areas.Under the current situation that China′s scientific and technological progress and industrial development are seriously threatened,it is of great practical and strategic significance to evaluate the international competition situation of key core technology for grasping the direction of tackling key problems and breaking through key core technology.In this paper,through sorting out the relationship between key core technology and high-quality core patents,the key core technology are represented by high-quality core patents,and the identification index system is constructed from three dimensions of patent technical attributes,economic attributes and legal attributes to identify key core patents.On the basis of obtaining the key core patent data,the T-SNE algorithm is innovatively introduced to mine the potential topic information in the patent text and draw the international technology competition situation map of key core technology,so as to identify the key core technology topics in the field,identify the main competitive countries and achieve the purpose of macro analysis of the competition situation in this field.At the same time,the technology gap index is constructed to quantify the size of the technology gap between China and other major competitive countries in specific technology topics,describe the technology gap between China and major competitive countries at the micro level,and evaluate China′s competitive position in specific technology topics.Firstly,this paper selects integrated circuit industry as the object to carry out empirical research.Through the identification index of key core patents,13,116 key core patents of integrated circuit industry were finally identified.From the perspective of countries and patent ownership enterprises,this paper statistics the distribution of key core patents in the field of integrated circuit industry,and makes an overall analysis and judgment.Secondly,by drawing the competition situation map and calculating the technology gap index,the international competition situation under the specific technology topic is analyzed.The results show that the United States,Japan and South Korea occupy the main competitive position in many technical topics in the current IC field.However,China has not yet formed a technological advantage on any technical subject,and the technologies it has mastered are concentrated in the packaging and testing links,which is the downstream of the industrial value chain.In high-end manufacturing,design and other links that require a high level of production technology,China is far behind technology-leading countries.By constructing the competitive situation analysis method of key core technology,the main research conclusions of this paper include:1)the identification method of key core technology constructed in this paper is an effective method to identify key core technology in a large number of patents,which is scientific and feasible to a certain extent.2)The method for analyzing the competition situation of key core technology constructed in this paper changes the method for analyzing the technology competition situation using patent quantity index in previous studies.Analyzing the technological gap between China and the main competitive countries through specific numerical values can more obviously and effectively recognize the domestic and foreign competition situation,which has important guiding significance for clarifying the direction of key core technology,realizing the key core technology breakthrough and accelerating the layout of the key core technology.