HPLC结合电子眼技术分析不同采收期的枸橘药材质量

Quality analysis of Citri Trifoliatae Fructus in different harvest time by HPLC combined with electronic eye technology

枸橘药材在多地作为地方品种使用,传统以未成熟时采收,采收标准不明确,研究其最佳采收期为枸橘资源的合理利用提供理论参考。该研究通过黄酮类成分含量测定,比较不同采收期的枸橘药材质量,结合颜色数据指导枸橘的采收。收集河南新乡的新鲜枸橘药材,按照直径范围划分等级,经干燥处理后,采用HPLC同时检测枸橘中的芸香柚皮苷、柚皮苷和枸橘苷的含量,并用电子眼检测样品的颜色值,对获得的数据进行相关性分析,分析颜色和直径与药材质量的关系。结果表明不同采收期的枸橘中芸香柚皮苷、柚皮苷和枸橘苷的含量差异较大,质量分数分别为0.21~1.20、2.21~11.59、3.73~23.16 mg·g^(-1)。枸橘随采收期延后颜色由绿变黄,直径逐渐增大,芸香柚皮苷、柚皮苷和枸橘苷的含量逐渐下降。芸香柚皮苷、柚皮苷和枸橘苷的含量与红绿色度(a)呈显著负相关,与黄蓝色度(b)呈显著正相关,柚皮苷、枸橘苷的含量与枸橘的直径呈显著负相关。该结果为通过枸橘的直径和表皮颜色判断枸橘质量提供了依据,也为“以形论质”的现代科学内涵提供依据。

As a local variety of medicinal material,Citri Trifoliatae Fructus is widely used in many places,whereas its harvest time remains unclear.Therefore,studying its harvest time can make more reasonable use of this medicinal material.In this study,we determined the flavonoids content and compared the color of Citri Trifoliatae Fructus harvested in different time,aiming to guide the harvest of this medicinal material.The fresh fruits of Citrus trifoliata were collected from Xinxiang city,Henan province,graded according to the diameter range,and then dried.The contents of isonaringin,naringen,and poncirin in Citri Trifoliatae Fructus were determined by HPLC,and the color values of the samples were detected by electronic eye.The correlation analysis of the obtained data was carried out to explore the relationships of color and diameter with quality.The results showed that the contents of isonaringin,naringen,and poncirin varied significantly in different harvest time,within the ranges of 0.21-1.20,2.21-11.59,and 3.73-23.16 mg·g^(-1),respectively.With the delay of harvest time,Citri Trifoliatae Fructus showed the color changing from green to yellow,gradually increased diameter,and gradually decreased contents of isonaringin,naringen,and poncirin.The contents of isonaringin,naringen,and poncirin were negatively correlated with the degree of red and green(a)and positively correlated with the degree of yellow and blue(b).The contents of naringen and poncirin had significantly negative correlations with the diameter.This study indicates that the quality of Citri Trifoliatae Fructus can be judged by its diameter and skin color,which provides a theoretical basis for the rational harvest of this medicinal material.