遮光处理对谷子农艺性状、小米品质及蒸煮特性的影响

Effects of Shading Treatment on Millet Agronomic Traits,Millet Quality and Cooking Characteristics

为探讨弱光胁迫对谷子农艺性状、小米品质及蒸煮特性的影响,并为黄土高原低洼地带谷子种植提供理论数据,以长生13号为材料,2018—2019年重复调查其在4种遮光程度(正常自然光照为A 1、遮光面积30%为A 2、遮光面积50%为A 3、遮光面积70%为A 4)下的农艺性状、产量、干物质量、小米品质及蒸煮特性变化情况。结果表明:遮光程度的增加显著降低了谷子穗粗、穗重、穗粒重、单株干物质量和产量,其中A 1处理与A 4处理间的产量减幅2018年为1695.11 kg·hm^(-2)、2019年为1774.95 kg·hm^(-2);相对叶绿素含量(SPAD)也是随着遮光程度的增加而降低,其中A 4处理SPAD均值比A 1处理2018年减小2.18、2019年减小2.68;而峰值粘度、直链淀粉、胶稠度、脂肪含量均是随着遮光程度的增加而先增后减。相关性分析表明,产量与遮光程度呈显著负相关,2018、2019年相关系数分别为-0.899、-0.917。

To explore the effects of low light stress on its millet agronomic traits,millet quality and cooking characteristics,and to provide theoretical data for millet planting in low-lying areas of the Loess Plateau,this paper used millet variety Changsheng 13 as the material to study the changes of millet agronomic traits,yield,dry matter quality,millet quality and cooking characteristics under four light intensities in 2018 and 2019.The four shading levels were normal natural light(A 1),30%shading area(A 2),50%shading area(A 3),and 70%shading area(A 4).The results showed that:with the increase of shading degree,the ear thickness,ear weight,ear grain weight,dry matter quality and yield per plant were significantly reduced.Among them,the yield reduction between A 1 treatment and A 4 treatment was 1695.11 kg·hm^(-2) in 2018 and 1774.95 kg·hm^(-2) in 2019.The relative chlorophyll content(SPAD value)also decreased with the increases of shading degree.Among them,the average value of A 4 treatment decreased by 2.18 than the average value of A 1 treatment in 2018,and decreased by 2.68 in 2019.The peak viscosity,amylose,gel consistency and fat content increased first and then decreased with the increase of shading degree.In addition,correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between yield and shading degree,and the correlation coefficients in 2018 and 2019 were-0.899 and-0.917,respectively.