不同改良剂对滨海盐土区稻田综合温室效应的影响

Effects of Different Ameliorant on Global Warming Potentials of Coastal Saline Paddy Field

为了评估氮肥配施不同改良剂(腐殖酸、磷石膏、禾康改良剂)对滨海盐土区稻田CH_(4)、N_(2)O排放和综合温室效应(global warming potential,GWP)的影响,于2017年7—10月采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法对滨海盐土区稻田CH_(4)和N_(2)O排放通量进行原位监测。共设置5个处理:空白(N0)、仅施氮肥(N1)、氮肥配施腐殖酸(N1H1)、氮肥配施磷石膏(N1G1)、氮肥配施禾康改良剂(N1A1)。结果表明:与N0处理相比,无论是否添加改良剂,氮肥处理都显著增加了稻田N_(2)O排放量的110.2%~139.1%(P<0.05),增加水稻产量的41.1%~71.6%(P<0.05),但不显著影响CH_(4)排放。与N1处理相比,氮肥配施3种不同改良剂并没有显著影响CH_(4)、N_(2)O排放和GWP;N1A1处理显著增加了水稻产量的21.6%(P<0.05)。因此,推荐使用N1A1施肥方案,以增加水稻产量,同时不显著影响温室气体排放。

In order to evaluate the effects of nitrogen fertilizer combined with different types of ameliorant(humic acid,phosphogypsum and Hekang improver)on CH_(4)and N_(2)O emissions,global warming potential(GWP),a field experiment was set up in the coastal saline paddy field from July to October,2017 in Jiangsu,China.The CH_(4)and N_(2)O emissions fluxes were monitored in suit,simultaneously using the static opaque chamber and gas chromatography method.And five treatments were set up:namely,control treatment(N0),nitrogen fertilizer treatment(N1),nitrogen fertilizer combined with humic acid(N1H1),nitrogen fertilizer combined with phosphogypsum(N1G1),and nitrogen fertilizer combined with Hekang ameliorant(N1A1).The results showed that:compared to N0 treatment,nitrogen fertilizer applied significantly increased N_(2)O emissions and rice yield by 110.2%~139.1%(P<0.05)and 41.1%~71.6%(P<0.05),respectively,however did not significantly affect CH_(4)emissions.Compared to N1 treatment,CH_(4),N_(2)O emissions,GWP were not significantly decreased in N1H1,N1G1,N1A1 treatments.However,compared to N1 treatment,nitrogen fertilizer combined with Hekang ameliorant(N1A1)significantly increased rice yield by 21.6%(P<0.05).Therefore,the N1A1 fertilization scheme,nitrogen fertilizer combined with Hekang ameliorant,was recommended to realize high grain yield and no significant effect on greenhouse gas emissions simultaneously during the rice production in coastal saline rice field.