团体心理治疗对康复期精神分裂症患者家属的干预效果

The effect of group psychotherapy intervention on family members of patients with schizophrenia in convalescence period

目的了解康复期精神分裂症患者家属的负性情绪水平和照护负担,观察团体心理治疗的干预效果.方法从哈尔滨市精神卫生防治办公室组织的重性精神障碍患者家属健康教育讲座中选取2019年11月至2020年6月哈尔滨市南岗所有社区内符合标准的64名康复期精神分裂症患者家属,随机分成试验组(32名)和对照组(32名).试验组予以团体心理干预,时间为6周,每周1次;对照组家属不做任何干预.采用贝克焦虑量表(BAI)、贝克抑郁量表(BDI)、Zarit照顾者负担量表(ZBI)分别于研究前和研究结束后进行评定.结果研究结束后,试验组家属的BAI评分[(36.100±6.587)分]和BDI评分[(7.800±6.860)分]均显著低于研究前(P<0.05);对照组家属的BAI评分[(46.290±13.419)分]和BDI评分[(14.280±11.231)分]与研究前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).研究结束后,两组家属的BAI评分和BDI评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).研究结束后,试验组的ZBI评分[(36.570±14.878)分]显著低于研究前(P<0.05);两组的ZBI负担评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论团体心理治疗可以有效降低康复期精神分裂症患者家属的焦虑和抑郁水平,减轻部分心理负担.

Objective To understand the level of negative emotions and caregiver burden of family members of schizophrenic patients in convalescence period,and to observe the effect of group psychotherapy intervention on those symptoms.Methods From the health education lectures for family members of patients with severe mental disorders organized by Harbin Mental Health Prevention and Control Office,a total of 64 family members of schizophrenic patients in convalescence period conforming to the requirements in all communities in Nangang from November 2019 to June 2020 were selected and randomly divided into trial group and control group.The trial group was given group psychological intervention once a week,for 6 weeks;the family members of the control group did not receive any interventions.The Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI),Beck Depression Inventory(BDI),and Zarit Caregiver Burden Inventory(ZBI)were used to evaluate the intervention before and after the experiment,respectively.Results After the intervention,the BAI score(36.100±6.587)and BDI score(7.800±6.860)of family members in the trial group decreased significantly(P<0.05)compared with those before the intervention;there was no statistically significant difference in the BAI score(46.290±13.419)and BDI score(14.280±11.231)of the family members in the control group before and after intervention(P>0.05).After the intervention,the difference in BAI and BDI scores in the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).After the intervention,the ZBI score(36.570±14.878)of family memhers in the trial group decreased significantly compared with that before the intervention(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in ZBI scores between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Group psychotherapy can effectively reduce the anxiety and depression levels and alleviate some of the psychological burden of family members of schizophrenic patients in convalescence period.