双重属性视角下陪审事实审范围问题研究——从“性质论”到“功能论”

Research on the Scope of Jury Factual Trial from the Perspective of Dual Attributes

陪审事实审制度中事实审的具体范围问题一直是制度设计的难点。基于我国"规范出发型"的审判模式,事实这一概念在诉讼中同时具有客观性与法律性两方面的属性,且需进行事实要件的格式化。对于陪审事实审的研究,需要对事实的概念进行再辨析,明确原生事实、要件事实、法律事实等不同概念的具体指向,事实认定应包括还原客观真相,认定法律要件两方面的内容。就事实与法律混合问题,从陪审制度功能发挥的角度考虑,陪审事实审应当包含其中需要做出常识性评价的事项。在制度设计上,有必要据此对于诉讼中的常见争议事项进行正反两方面的梳理,应将善意与恶意、故意与过失等纳入陪审事实审的范围,而将过错、行为能力、合同解释等事项排除在外。

The specific scope of fact trial in the jury system has always been a difficult point in system design.Based on our country’s“standard-based”trial mode,the concept of fact has the attributes of objectivity and legality in litigation at the same time.For the research of jury fact trial,it is necessary to re-analyze the concept of facts,to clarify the specific directions of different concepts such as naked historical facts and legal facts.Fact determination should include restoring the objective truth and identifying legal elements.Regarding the issue of overlapping of fact and law,the fact trial of jury should include matters that require common-sense evaluation to fulfil the function of the jury system.It is necessary to sort out the extent of this question.Goodwill and malice,intention and negligence should be included in the scope of the jury fact trial,while fault,capacity for conduct,and contract interpretation should be excluded.