Cyclin B家族在哺乳动物卵母细胞减数分裂成熟过程中的作用

The functions of Cyclin B family in mammalian oocyte meiotic maturation

哺乳动物卵母细胞在减数分裂过程中经历两次停滞与恢复,而对细胞周期停滞与恢复的调控直接影响单倍体卵子的形成。在卵母细胞减数分裂中,由细胞周期蛋白B(Cyclin B)与细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶(cyclin-dependent kinases,CDK)组成的复合物可以激活或抑制下游相关分子,Cyclin B的含量周期性变化可控制卵母细胞维持在该时期或进入下一时期,调控减数分裂的进程。传统观念认为,Cyclin B1是调控卵母细胞减数分裂进程的核心细胞周期蛋白,但近来的多项实验结果证明,Cyclin B2和Cyclin B3在卵母细胞减数分裂成熟调控中也发挥着不可或缺的作用。本文将围绕Cyclin B蛋白家族成员在哺乳动物卵母细胞减数分裂过程中的作用展开综述。

There are two rounds of meiotic arrest and resumption in mammalian oocyte,leading to the formation of haploid maternal genome.During the oocyte maturation,Cyclin B and cyclin-dependent kinases(CDK)complex can active or inhibit downstream molecules to regulate meiotic progression.The periodic changes of Cyclin B controls meiotic cell cycle arrest or exit of oocyte.Traditionally,Cyclin B1 is believed to be the critical cyclin that regulates the progression of oocyte meiosis,however,recent studies have demonstrated that Cyclin B2 and Cyclin B3 also play indispensable roles in oocyte meiotic maturation.This review focuses on the roles of members of the Cyclin B protein family in meiosis of mammalian oocyte.