探讨尿液标本放置不同时间对患者尿常规检验结果中尿沉渣、红细胞的影响

Discussion on the effect of different time of urine specimen storage on urine sediment and red blood cells in patients’routine urine test results

目的探讨尿液标本放置不同时间对患者尿常规检验结果中尿沉渣、红细胞的影响。方法300例行尿常规检验的患者为研究对象,检测室温下尿液标本放置不同时间(即刻、放置1 h、放置2 h、放置4 h、放置6 h)的尿沉渣(红细胞、管型)及红细胞(大红细胞、溶解红细胞)检测结果。结果尿液标本中的红细胞及管型随着放置时间的延长逐渐降低。放置4、6 h时的红细胞分别为(768.95±232.67)、(453.28±127.32)个/μl,管型分别为(13.27±4.69)、(8.23±2.16)个/μl,均低于即刻时的(1223.76±458.97)、(28.21±9.89)个/μl,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。尿液标本中的大红细胞随着放置时间的延长逐渐降低;溶解红细胞在放置1、2 h时逐渐降低,放置4、6 h时逐渐升高。放置4、6 h时的大红细胞均低于即刻时、溶解红细胞均高于即刻时,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在尿常规检验中尿液标本放置时间会影响检验结果,建议在尿液标本采集后2 h内完成各项检验,以提高检验结果的准确性与可靠性。

Objective To discuss the effect of different time of urine specimen storage on urine sediment and red blood cells in patients’routine urine test results.Methods 300 patients who underwent routine urine tests were studied.The results of urine sediment(erythrocytes,cast)and erythrocytes(macrocytes,lysed erythrocytes)were examined for different times(at immediate,after 1 h,2 h,4 h,6 h of storage)of urine specimens at room temperature.Results Erythrocytes and casts in urine specimens gradually decrease with longer storage time.After 4 and 6 h of storage,the erythrocytes were(768.95±232.67)and(453.28±127.32)/μl,and the casts were(13.27±4.69)and(8.23±2.16)/μl,which were all lower than(1223.76±458.97),(28.21±9.89)/μl at immediate,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The macrocytes in the urine specimens gradually decreased with the increase of storage time;the lysed erythrocytes gradually decreased at 1 and 2 h of storage,and gradually increased at 4 and 6 h of storage.After 4 and 6 h of storage,the macrocytes were lower than those at immediate,and the lysed erythrocytes were higher than those at immediate,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion In the urine routine test,the urine sample storage time will affect the test results.It is recommended to complete the test within 2 h after the urine sample collection,in order to improve the accuracy and reliability of the test results.