北京大学图书馆学专业课程体系的变迁:初建与逐步体系化的专科教育时期(1947-1955年)(一)

The Transition of Curriculum System of Library Science in Peking University:The Period of Specialized Education of Establishment and Systematization(1947 to 1955)(One)

1947年,王重民先生在国立北京大学创设图书馆学专修科。在历经了北平解放、课程改造、院系调整、专业改革与“全面学苏”的教育改革后,北京大学图书馆学教育由自主性较强的附属于中文系的专修科转型为由国家收编的重要图书馆学人才培养机构。在1947年至1955年间,北京大学图书馆学专修科陆续制定了面向大学肄业生及毕业生的二年制专科课程体系、面向高中毕业生的二年制课程体系、四年制本科课程体系、效仿苏联的二年制及三年制课程体系。在这个演变过程中,图书馆学专修科的课程体系受创设者、授课对象、学制、国家教育政策和图书馆事业建设需要等因素的影响,呈现出课程内容“业务化”、课程结构“固定化”、课程教学“集体化”与教学方式“实践化”的特点。

In 1947,Mr.Wang Zhongmin founded Library Science special course in Peking University.After the liberation of Beiping,the reform of curriculum,the adjustment of colleges and departments,the reform of majors and the educational reform of learning from the Soviet Union in an all-round way,the major of Library Science in Peking University has transformed from an independent special course attached to the Chinese department to an important talent-training institution of Library Science incorporated by the government.From 1947 to 1955,the Library Science special course in Peking University successively formulated the two-year specialized curriculum system for undergraduates and graduates,the two-year curriculum system for high school graduates,the four-year curriculum system for undergraduates,and the two-year and three-year curriculum system imitating the Soviet Union.In the process of transition,the curriculum system of the Library Science special course is influenced by the creators,the teaching objects,the length of schooling,the national education policy and the needs of librarianship.It shows the characteristics of professional curriculum contents,rigid curriculum structure,collective curriculum teaching and practical teaching methods.