从防灾到减灾:日本防灾教育及对中国幼儿园的启示

From Disaster Prevention to Disaster Reduction:Implementation and Enlightenment of Disaster Education in Japanese School

日本防灾教育已实行多年,防灾体系由1.0向4.0进阶,防灾理念从被动防灾向通过防灾教育实现主动减灾转变。日本学校防灾教育重视向下扎根,注重幼儿阶段防灾教育的开展,通过幼儿园防灾教育课程设计,明确幼儿时期应掌握的防灾教育目标与能力,注重防灾能力的自幼培育。

Disaster prevention education in Japan has been implemented for many years,and the disaster prevention system has advanced from 1.0 to 4.0.The concept of disaster prevention has changed from passive disaster prevention to active disaster reduction through disaster prevention education.Japanese schools attach great importance to the education of disaster prevention,and pay attention to the development of disaster prevention education in early childhood.Through the curriculum design of disaster prevention education in kindergartens,the objectives and abilities of disaster prevention education that should be mastered in early childhood are defined,and the cultivation of disaster prevention ability is emphasized.