基于物联网技术的历史建筑室内外火灾疏散路径三维模拟

3D Simulation of Indoor and Outdoor Fire Evacuation Path of Historical Buildings Based on Internet of Things Technology

为解决历史建筑室内外发生火灾时,疏散耗时较长等问题,提出基于物联网技术的历史建筑室内外火灾疏散路径三维模拟方法。通过火灾湍流基本守恒构建,利用滤波函数划分尺度分量,分析大涡流场运动特征,通过质量守恒、动量守恒等方程,控制大涡流场运动;设置火灾疏散条件,在疏散人身上以及设备上安装RFID标签,计算模拟路径以及成本信息;通过计算历史建筑室内外火灾疏散路径的长度、宽度以及疏散速度,添加火灾变化因子避开疏散路径烟雾位置,完成疏散路径的三维模拟。仿真结果表明:采用所提方法进行火灾疏散时疏散效果较好。

In order to solve the problem that the evacuation time is long when a fire occurs inside or outside the historical building,a three-dimensional simulation method for evacuation path of indoor and outdoor fire in historical buildings based on Internet of things technology is proposed.Through the construction of basic conservation of fire turbulence,the scale components are divided by filter function,and the motion characteristics of large eddy flow field are analyzed.The motion of large eddy flow field is controlled by mass conservation and momentum conservation equations.The fire evacuation conditions are set,RFID tags are installed on the evacuation personnel and equipment,and the simulation path and cost information are calculated.The indoor and outdoor fire evacuation routes of historical buildings are calculated.The length,width and evacuation speed of the evacuation path are added with the fire change factor to avoid the smoke position of the evacuation path,and the three-dimensional simulation of the evacuation path is completed.The simulation results show that the evacuation effect of the proposed method is better.