基于自我调节理论的健康宣教对老年动脉瘤手术患者应对方式与术后并发症的影响

Effect of health education based on self-regulation theory on coping style and postoperative complications of elderly patients undergoing aneurysm surgery

目的探讨基于自我调节理论的健康宣教对老年动脉瘤手术患者应对方式与并发症发生率的影响。方法选取医院2018年4月—2019年7月入院老年动脉瘤手术患者38例作为对照组,2019年8月—2020年10月入院老年动脉瘤手术患者38例作为观察组。对照组予以常规健康宣教,观察组在对照组的基础上予以基于自我调节理论的健康宣教。比较两组患者健康知识掌握度、遵医行为、术后并发症发生率、干预满意度、疾病感知、负性情绪、应对方式评分变化情况。结果健康宣教干预后,观察组健康知识掌握度高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组遵医率高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组干预后疾病同一性、严重后果、疾病周期性和情绪陈述评分均低于对照组(P<0.05),个人控制性、治疗控制性、疾病相关性评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组干预后焦虑、抑郁、内向性激惹、外向性激惹评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组干预后面对、情感宣泄、寻求支持、乐观评分均高于对照组(P<0.05),自我依靠、听天由命、逃避、姑息评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组可靠性、移情性、有形性、响应性及保证性评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于自我调节理论的健康宣教能显著提高老年动脉瘤手术患者健康知识掌握度,进一步改善其应对方式,减轻负性情绪,且能改善患者疾病感知及遵医行为,降低术后并发症发生率,有效提高患者护理满意度。

Objective To explore the effect of health education based on self-regulation theory on coping style and incidence of complications of elderly patients undergoing aneurysm surgery.Methods To select 38 cases of elderly patients undergoing aneurysm surgery admitted to the hospital from April 2018 to July 2019 as a control group,and 38 cases admitted from August 2019 to October 2020 were selected as an observation group.The control group was given regular health education,and the observation group was given health education based on the self-regulation theory on the basis of the control group.The two groups of patients’health knowledge mastery,compliance behavior,incidence of postoperative complications,intervention satisfaction,disease perception,negative emotions,and coping style scores changes were compared between the two groups.Results After the intervention of health education and education,the degree of health knowledge mastery in the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);the observation group's compliance rate was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);the observation group’s scores of disease identity,serious consequences,disease periodicity and emotional statement were all lower than those of the control group after intervention(P<0.05),the personal control,treatment control,and disease-related scores were all higher than those of the control group(P<0.05);the observation group's anxiety,depression,introverted agitation,and extroverted agitation scores after intervention were all lower than those of the control group(P<0.05);the observation group's scores for post-intervention,emotional venting,seeking support,and optimism were all higher than those of the control group(P<0.05),and self-reliance,resignation,escape,and palliative scores were all lower than those of the control group(P<0.05);the observation group's overall postoperative complications rate was lower than the control group(P<0.05);the reliability,empathy,tangibility,responsiveness and assurance scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The health education,propaganda and education based on self-regulation theory can signifi cantly improve the health knowledge of elderly patients undergoing aneurysm surgery,further improve their coping styles,reduce negative emotions,improve patients’perception of disease and compliance behavior,and reduce postoperative complications Rate,eff ectively improve patient care satisfaction.