胶体层析法与酶联免疫吸附试验在HIV抗体检测中的应用价值分析

Value analysis of colloid chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in HIV antibody detection

目的分析胶体层析法与酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)在人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)抗体检测中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析2017年9月至2019年8月我院治疗的84例疑为HIV感染患者临床资料。采集入选者空腹肘静脉血,通过胶体层析法、ELISA测定HIV抗体。计算胶体层析法、ELISA在HIV抗体低、高值质控血清中检出率,以蛋白印迹诊断结果作为金标准,计算胶体层析法、ELISA在HIV抗体诊断中的敏感度、特异度、准确率,并统计阳性样本带型分布情况。结果ELISA在HIV抗体低、高值质控血清中检出率(100.00%)高于胶体层析法(57.14%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经蛋白印迹诊断诊断HIV抗体阳性、阴性分别为30例、54例;以蛋白印迹诊断结果作为金标准,ELISA诊断HIV抗体敏感度(93.33%)、特异度(98.15%)、一致率(96.43%)高于胶体层析法(73.33%、85.19%、80.95%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ELISA诊断28例HIV抗体阳性患者中以条带gP120、gP160出现最高,均为100.00%,P55出现率最低,仅为32.14%。结论ELISA有助于提升HIV抗体低、高值质控血清中检出率,诊断HIV抗体准确率较高,便于分析阳性样本带型分布。

To analyze the application value of colloid chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)in the detection of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)antibodies.Methods The clinical data of 84 patients with suspected HIV infection treated in our hospital from September 2017 to August 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Fasting elbow venous blood was collected from the selected subjects,and HIV antibodies were measured by colloid chromatography and ELISA.Calculate the detection rate of colloid chromatography and ELISA in HIV antibody low and high-quality control serum,and use the western blot diagnosis results as the gold standard.Calculate the sensitivity,specificity,and specificity of colloid chromatography and ELISA in HIV antibody diagnosis.Accuracy,and statistical distribution of banding of positive samples.Results The detection rate of ELISA in low and high-quality HIV antibody control serum(100.00%)was higher than colloid chromatography(57.14%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The diagnosis of HIV antibody was positive by Western blot diagnosis.30 cases and 54 cases were negative and negative,respectively.Using Western blot diagnosis as the gold standard,the sensitivity(93.33%),specificity(98.15%),and accuracy(96.43%)of ELISA for HIV antibody were higher than those of colloid chromatography(73.33%,85.19%,80.95%),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);among 28 HIV-positive patients diagnosed by ELISA,the bands gP120 and gP160 appeared the highest,both at 100.00%,and the incidence of P55 was the lowest,only is 32.14%.Conclusion ELISA is helpful in improving the detection rate of low-and high-quality HIV antibody control serum,and the accuracy of HIV antibody diagnosis is high,which is convenient for analyzing the band distribution of positive samples.