应用苔藓植物监测水体污染——研究、应用与展望

Bryomonitoring to water pollution——Research,application and prospect

苔藓植物是环境污染的重要指示生物,目前,国内开展的主要是应用苔藓植物进行大气污染的监测,事实上国外已有较多应用苔藓植物进行水体质量监测的工作。该文首先统计分析了国际上应用苔藓植物进行水环境质量监测研究文献,然后从苔藓植物监测的水体污染物类型、监测用苔藓植物种类、苔藓植物材料存活状态对监测效果的影响、影响苔藓植物富集水体重金属元素的环境因素、应用苔藓植物进行水体污染监测的主动与被动方法、样品预处理方法和水体质量监测的应用案例等方面,系统介绍了国际上应用苔藓植物进行水体污染监测的研究和应用概况,提出了今后应用苔藓植物监测水体污染研究值得关注的领域。

Bryophytes are important indicators of environmental pollution.At present,bryophytes are mainly used to monitor atmospheric pollution in China.In fact,bryophytes have been widely applied to monitor water quality abroad.In the present paper,we firstly analyzed the literature of applying bryophytes to monitor water environmental quality abroad,then summarized relevant contents of bryomonitoring,which included the types of water pollutants monitored by bryophytes,the species of bryophytes used for bryomonitoring,the influences of the survival status of bryophytes on monitoring effect,the environmental factors affecting the enrichment of heavy metal elements in water by bryophytes,the active and passive methods of applying bryophytes to monitor water pollutions,and the sample preparation,as well as some European cases of bryomonitoring for water environmental quality.Finally we also proposed some suggestions about bryomonitoring researches and application in the future.