大水位变幅下省水船闸水位分级研究

Study on water level classification of water-saving ship lock under large water level variation

省水船闸通过把总水头进行分级,减小每级工作水头,除节省船闸用水量外,还有利于解决高水头船闸的水力学问题,对我国西部山区河流船闸建设具有很好的适应性。在分析省水船闸运行原理的基础上,研究了理论省水率的计算方法及其随省水池级数、面积的变化规律,总结分析了影响省水船闸水位分级的主要因素。以广西右江百色水利枢纽通航船闸为依托工程,针对船闸上游水位变幅大、设计水头高、工程布置条件及运行方式复杂等特点,计算省水运行时剩余水头的变化规律。从运行水位、省水池级数和面积等方面,提出了省水池布置参数及大水位变幅下的省水船闸水位分级方式,进一步模拟计算不同运行方式下的船闸输水水力指标,论证了水位分级的科学性与合理性。

The water-saving ship lock can reduce the working head of each stage through classifying the total head.In addition to saving the water consumption,it is also conducive to solving the hydraulic problems of the high head ship lock.Therefore it is suitable for ship locks on rivers in western mountain areas of China.Based on the analyses of the operation principle of the water-saving ship lock,the calculation method of theoretical water saving rate and its variation with the step and area of water saving pools are studied in this paper,and the main factors affecting the water level classification of water-saving ship lock are summarized and analyzed.According to the characteristics of large variation of upstream water level,high design head,complex engineering layout conditions and operation modes,the variation laws of residual head in water saving operation are calculated on the navigation ship lock of Baise water control project on the Youjiang River in Guangxi.From the aspects of operation water level,and the step and area of the storage basins,the layout parameters of the storage basins and the water level classification method of the water-saving ship lock are proposed under large water level variation.Furthermore,the hydraulic indexes under different operation modes are simulated and calculated,and the scientific and reasonable classification of water level is proved.