神北矿区前梁煤矿隐蔽致灾因素分析

Analysis of hidden disaster-causing factors in Qianliang Coal Mine of Shenbei mining area

查明前梁煤矿主要隐蔽致灾因素类型、空间分布及其对矿井的威胁性,可以为煤矿隐蔽致灾因素预防、工程治理等提供依据。从水害、火灾、顶板/矿压、瓦斯及有毒有害气体、煤尘这5类灾害入手,通过低空无人机双光遥感、地面地质调查、井下矿井全面调查、采样测试、资料查阅、矿压、监测监控资料等综合分析各类灾害隐蔽致灾因素。查明了煤矿目前存在的水害主要隐蔽致灾因素有采空区积水、露采坑积水;火灾隐蔽致灾因素为露采坑煤层自然发火,顶板/矿压隐蔽致灾因素为房柱式采空区大面积悬顶、坚硬顶板、过沟开采等。因此,煤矿应针对上述隐蔽致灾因素开展综合治理,实现煤矿安全、高效、绿色开采,提升矿井本质安全水平。

Finding out the types,spatial distribution and threat of main hidden disaster-causing factors in Qianliang Coal Mine can provide basis for the prevention and engineering treatment of hidden disaster-causing factors in coal mine.Aiming at five kinds of disasters such as water,fire,roof/ground pressure,gas and coal dust,through the comprehensive research of historical data such as low-altitude UAV dual-light remote sensing,ground geological survey,underground comprehensive survey,sampling test,data access,ground pressure observation and safety monitoring,the hidden disaster-causing factors of various disasters are analyzed.The results show that the hidden disaster-causing factors of mine water are goaf ponding and open pit ponding,the hidden disaster-causing factors of mine fire are coal spontaneous combustion of open pit,and the hidden disaster-causing factors of roof/ground pressure are large-area suspended roof,hard roof and cross ditch mining.Therefore,the coal mine should carry out comprehensive treatment for the above hidden-disaster causing factors,so as to realize safe,efficient and green mining and improve the intrinsic safety level of the coal mine.