肉牛异食癖发生的原因及防治措施

Causes and Control Measures of Pica of Beef Cattle

肉牛异食癖是由于环境、营养、内分泌、生理和遗传等多种因素引起的以舔食沙土、布条、食槽、毛、铁杆等异物为特征的一种综合症。异食癖可导致肉牛毛焦、体弱、生长发育弛缓,具体表现为时而便秘,时而腹泻,严重时食欲低下,反刍停止,体重降低,甚者衰竭至死。异食癖全年都可能发生,母牛、犊牛、生长快的牛比例较高,冬、春季发病较夏秋季多,舍饲饲养较放牧多,枯草期发病较青草期多,高产个体较低产个体多。

Pica of beef cattle is a syndrome caused by many factors such as environment,nutrition,endocrine,physiology and heredity,characterized by licking sand,cloth,trough,hair,iron pole and other foreign bodies.Pica can lead to scorched,weak and sluggish growth and development of beef cattle.The specific manifestations include constipation,diarrhea,poor appetite,cessation of rumination,weight loss and even exhaustion to death.Pica can occur all year round.The proportion of cows,calves and fast-growing cattle is higher.The incidence of diseases in winter and spring is more than that in summer and autumn.The incidence of diseases in house feeding is more than that in grazing.The incidence of diseases in dry season is more than that in green grass period,and the number of high-yield individuals is higher than that of low-yield individuals.