某院150名医务人员鼻腔中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌定植情况及其耐药特征分析

Analysis of Colonization and Drug-resistant Characteristics of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Nasal Cavity of 150 Medical Staff in a Hospital

目的:探究医院医务人员鼻腔中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus,MRSA)的定植情况及其耐药特征。方法:选取医院2019年6月—12月采集的150名健康医务人员(医师60名、护士90名)鼻前庭分泌物标本150份的显色琼脂培养基结果,分析其葡萄球菌染色体(SCC)mec基因的分型情况以及MRSA的耐药特征。结果:150份鼻腔分泌物标本中培养分离出MRSA 17株,其定植率为11.33%;经基因分型后发现17株MRSA菌株中,SCC mec基因为Ⅱ型10株(占58.82%)、Ⅲ型5株(占29.41%)、Ⅳ型2株(占11.76%);药敏结果发现17株MRSA菌株对青霉素类药物的耐药率均为100.00%,而对利奈唑、万古霉素、替加环素等药物均无耐药。结论:医院医务人员鼻腔中MRSA定植率较高,且不同SCC mec基因的MRSA菌株均存在,管理部门应引起高度重视。

Objective: To investigate the colonization and drug resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) in nasal cavity of hospital medical staff. Methods: Culture results of 150 nasal vestibular secretion specimens of 150 healthy medical staff(60 physicians and 90 nurses) were collected from June to December 2019, and the genotype of staphylococcal cassette chromosome(SCC) mec and drug resistance of MRSA were analyzed. Results: 17 strains of MRSA were isolated from 150 nasal vestibular secretion specimens, and the detection rate was 11.33%. The SCC mec genotypes of 17 strains of MRSA were identified, including 10 strains of type Ⅱ(58.82%), 5 strains of type Ⅲ(29.41%) and 2 strains of type Ⅳ(11.76%). The drug resistance rate of MRSA to penicillin was 100.00%, while the drug resistance rate to linezole, vancomycin, tigecycline was 0.00%. Conclusion: The detection rate of MRSA is at a high level in nasal vestibular secretion specimens of medical staff, and the different SCC mec genotypes are detected, to which the administrative department should pay great attention.