星形胶质细胞中乳酸代谢与神经系统疾病的关系研究进展

Recent advance in relation between lactate metabolism and nervous system in astrocytes

脑内星形胶质细胞糖原分解产生的乳酸经过单羧酸转运体被转运到神经元为其提供能量,对神经元兴奋性传递和突触可塑性调节起到重要作用,这一机制被称作星形胶质细胞-神经元-乳酸穿梭机(ANLS)。ANLS异常破坏脑内神经能量调节和稳态功能,与学习记忆、力竭运动、成瘾等行为和多种神经系统疾病有关。本文现重点围绕ANLS在神经退行性疾病、创伤性脑损伤及精神系统疾病中的最新研究进展进行综述,以期为以ANLS为靶点的神经系统疾病研究提供参考。

The glycogen of astrocytes is decomposed to produce lactic acid,which is transported to neurons through monocarboxylate transporters to provide energy,and plays an important role in excitatory transmission and synaptic plasticity regulation of neurons;this mechanism is called astrocyte neuron lactate shuttle(ANLS).Abnormal ANLS impairs neuro-energy regulation and homeostasis is associated with learning and memory,exhaustive exercise,addiction and many other neurological diseases.This paper summarizes the latest research progress of ANLS in multiple brain functions,diabetes cognitive impairment,schizophrenia,traumatic brain injury,depression and a variety of neurodegenerative diseases,so as to provide basis for basic research,drug design and other related clinical treatment strategies of nervous system diseases targeting ANLS.