经颅直流电刺激治疗抑郁障碍的研究进展

Recent advance in transcranial direct current stimulation in treatment of depressive disorder

抑郁障碍是一种以显著且持久的情绪低落为主要临床特征的精神障碍,以抑郁心境、兴趣减退、失眠、食欲下降、体质量变化及自杀意念等为临床表现。对于抑郁障碍,目前多采用抗抑郁药物进行治疗,但由于该类药物的副作用及患者的低耐受性,其应用存在一定的局限性。经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)作为一种非侵入性的电刺激疗法,在目前国内外广泛开展的抑郁障碍临床试验中已显示出疗效较好、患者易于耐受、操作简便、副作用小等优点。笔者现从疗效、作用机制、影响因素、安全性等方面,全面综述tDCS在抑郁障碍治疗中的应用情况,以期为其临床上的进一步深入应用提供参考。

Depression disorder is a kind of psychiatric disorders with continuously spontaneous depressive mood,characterized by depression of mood,anhedonia,sleep disturbance,decreased appetite,weight change and thoughts of death.At present,most of the patients with depression disorder are treated with antidepressant drugs,but their role in treatment are limited due to their side effects and low tolerance.Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)therapy achieves satisfactory therapeutic effects as a non-invasive brain stimulation technique,at present,the clinical trials carried out widely at home and abroad have proved the advantages of tDCS:good clinical effect,being easy to tolerance,simple operation and slight side effects.This paper reviews the effect,mechanism,influencing factors,and safety of tDCS in the treatment of depression disorder,in order to provide reference for further clinical application.