重庆市典型乡镇旱情供用水动态模拟

Dynamic Simulation of Water Supply and Consumption in Typical Towns of Chongqing City

重庆市典型易旱区干旱发生频次高、程度重、范围广、影响大。为刻画典型区干旱发生时的区域水量消耗过程,根据典型区资料情况,选用新安江水文模型对宝坪镇生活用水主要来源的三座水库供用水进行动态模拟。结果表明,新安江模型基本能够再现各个水库的历史日流量过程。根据回溯模拟的历史典型年水库水位、库容等情况,发现典型偏枯年份上半年旱情等级为特大(Ⅰ级),随着降水逐渐增加,旱情等级逐级减轻直至警报解除。研究结果为干旱预警与解除的研判提供了支撑。

The typical drought-prone areas in Chongqing have a high frequency,severe degree,wide range and great impact.In order to describe the process of regional water consumption when drought occurs,the Xin’anjiang hydrological model is selected to simulate the water supply and consumption system of three reservoirs.The result shows that the Xin’anjiang model can basically reproduce the historical daily flow process of each reservoir,which are the main sources of domestic water in Baoping.According to the water level and storage capacity of the reservoir in the typical historical years,the drought grade in the first half of the typical dry year is extremely high(grade I)and the gradually reduced until the alarm is lifted with increase of precipitation.Thus,it provides support for the judgment of drought warning and relief.