试论二里头晚期中原文化对江汉地区的扩张

On Central Plains’ Cultural Expansion to Jianghan Area in Late Erlitou Culture Period

本文通过对江汉地区二里头第三、四期遗存的分析,认为这一阶段中原文化对江汉地区的扩张存在不同的影响路线。汉水中、上游与江汉西部地区的文化面貌呈现出了典型的二里头文化的特征,反映出二里头文化经南阳盆地,沿汉水流域而下的进发路线。江汉东部地区以盘龙城遗址为代表,则体现出了与下七垣文化和南关外下层的密切联系,可能是中原文化通过信阳地区,过桐柏山向南楔入的结果。中原文化在江汉地区所见两条线路并进的扩张态势,之后为二里岗阶段该区域的文化格局奠定基础。

Analyses of Phase III and Phase IV of Erlitou Culture period discovered in Jianghan Area indicate that the Central Plains’ cultural expansion in this region was via different paths.In the middle and upper reaches and western area,remains and relics revealed have typical features of Erlitou Culture,reflecting the spread of Erlitou Culture via Nanyang Basin and along Han River.Archaeological sites discovered in eastern Jianghan Area,with Panlongcheng Site as the representative,demonstrate the close cultural link between Xiaqiyuan Site and the bottom layer of Nanguanwai Site,which is probably the result of the Central Plains’ cultural expansion southward via Xinyang district and Tongbai Mount.The Central Plains’ cultural spread in Jianghan Area via two routes laid the foundation for regional cultural pattern thrived later in Erligang Culture period.