基于自然邻点插值法的洱海湖面降水特征分析

Characteristics Analysis of Precipitation over Erhai Lake Surface Based on Natural Neighbour Interpolation Method

湖面降水是影响湖泊水量和水质的重要因素之一,对湖面降水的研究有利于湖泊水环境的研究和治理。本文利用洱海周边11个气象站降水观测数据,对洱海周边站点的降水进行分析,并基于自然邻点插值法对洱海湖面降水进行分辨率为0.01°的网格插值,分析洱海湖面降水的分布特征。结果表明:洱海湖面降水分布时空差异显著,时间上具有季节性特征,夏季最多,秋季次之,冬季最少;空间上存在显著分布不均,降水高值中心位于洱海中部靠西岸湖湾区域,低值中心位于东南部湖区,最大格点降水量是最小格点的1.9倍;湖面降水存在明显的季节性空间振荡特征,降水的高值中心夏季略有北移向外呈发散性递减。洱海湖面降水时空分布特征的研究为大气湿沉降敏感区域和时段的划分提供数据支持,同时为湖泊水环境研究治理提供科学的技术支持。

Precipitation over the lake surface is one of the essential factors affecting the water quantity and quality of the lake.This article uses precipitation observation data from 11 meteorological stations around Erhai Lake to analyze the precipitation characteristics around the Erhai Lake and based on the natural neighbour interpolation method,the precipitation over Erhai Lake is interpolated by the 0.01°resolution grid.The results show that the distribution of precipitation on the Erhai Lake has a seasonal feature.The precipitation is largest in summer,the second in autumn,and the smallest in winter.There is also a significantly uneven distribution in space.The high-value centre exists in the central part of the Erhai Lake,nearby the west bank,and the low-value centre exists in the lake area near Haidong Station in the summer and autumn seasons.The spatial and temporal differences in precipitation on the lake surface are significant.This study has a specific reference value for the regional sensitivity study of the impact of precipitation on Erhai water quality and quantity.It offers the technical support for the precipitation prediction on water surface and the research and management of the water environment for the lake.