越南阮朝对清朝商船搭载人员的检查(1802~1858)

Vietnamese Nguyen Dynasty’s Inspection of Personnel on board of Qing Dynasty Merchant Ships Entering the Ports(1802-1858)

1802年,阮福映建立越南最后一个封建王朝阮朝,建元嘉隆。阮朝基本承袭阮主政权的入港勘验制度,并根据形势发展进行完善。对商船搭载的人员进行检查是阮朝勘验入港清朝商船的必经环节,目前学界对此已有研究。孙建党与王德林撰写的《试析越南阮朝明命时期的禁教政策及其影响》一文注意到明命时期阮朝严查入港外国商船以限制西洋传教士由海路入越。①郑维宽在《论清代中国商人入越开发对越南社会的影响》一文中提及明命时期阮朝对入港清船搭客②的勘验情况。

The inspection of personnel on board was an important part of Nguyen Dynasty’s inspect to Qing merchant ships entering the ports.The formation and improvement of Nguyen Dynasty’s Sodiem muc was closely related to this inspection activity.The merchant ships entering the ports were mainly from Guangdong,and the personnel on board were composed of fixed and floating personnel who were mainly from various counties of Guangdong.The main role of this inspection activity was to strengthen the management of the personnel on board,and also to prevent Catholics to penetrate Vietnam by sea with the help of westerners.Examining Nguyen Dynasty’s inspection activities on the ships entering the ports before the French invasion helps us to deepen our understanding of China’s cross-border movement of people on board in Vietnam’s maritime trade,Nguyen Dynasty’s management of people from Qing Dynasty entering Vietnam,and Nguyen Dynasty’s prohibition on Catholics religion.