广东南海西樵山新发现细石器年代与海侵现象研究

Study on the Chronology Newfound Microlith and Transgression in Xiqiaoshan,Guangdong

引言广东南海西樵山遗址是20世纪50年代珠江流域史前时代研究领域最重要的考古发现之一,在我国华南地区人类演化与石器技术发展史中具有极为重要的学术意义,其遗存规模与文化现象在国内十分罕见。1958年西樵山遗址最先由黄玉昆发现①,1960年贾兰坡、尤玉柱首次提出“西樵山文化”的概念②。

The chronology of microliths and shouldered stone tools of Xiqiaoshan culture in Nanhai has always been the focus of neolithic archaeology in south China.This paper summarizes and analyzes the archaeological sites and dating data of the unearthed microliths and shouldered stone tools in Xiqiaoshan by predecessors,and makes carbon dating of the microliths in 2019.The results show that the age range of the microliths in Xiqiaoshan is 6765±90 B.P.to 3350±30 B.P..The age of shouldered stone tools is from 5313±100 years ago to 2160±70 years ago.The transgression of the pearl river delta data combined with nearly 10000 years,the microlith and shoulder stone tools is in the sub-boreal period,the ancient Zhujiang river estuary accepts fluvial sediment f illing,but dues to the complicated boundary with rivers remodeling and ocean dynamics transforming,sediment transport and deposition distribution is not stable,border changing in the land and sea.To adapt to the complexity of the environment,ancestors in Xiqiaoshan were forced to adopt a mixed mode of fishing,hunting,gathering and agriculture to obtain a stable source of food and reduce the risk of survival.This environmental adaptation strategy contributed to the formation of the Xiqiaoshan Culture.