基于分子量探究人参多糖免疫活性构效关系

Molecular weight-based research on relationship between structural properties and immunostimulating activity of ginseng polysaccharides

目的基于分子量探究人参多糖免疫活性构效关系。方法人参水提液浓缩后,依次经40%、60%、80%的乙醇醇沉及凝胶色谱分级;对所得的多糖的分子量、糖含量、单糖组成及体外免疫活性进行比较研究。结果人参多糖水提液经40%、60%、80%醇沉及色谱法分级后获得了分子量不同的4个多糖级分(WGP-40-F1、WGP-40-F2、WGP-60-F及WGP-80-F);随着乙醇体积分数的增加,多糖的分子量呈递减趋势。体外研究发现,4种人参多糖均能促进淋巴细胞增殖,且其作用效果WGP-40-F1>WGP-40-F2>WGP-60-F>WGP-80-F。结论通过不同体积分数乙醇分级可以获得分子量不同的人参多糖,在50~400μg/mL范围内,分子量较小的多糖级分具有更强的体外免疫增强活性。

AIM To explore the rlationship between structural properties and immunostimulating activity of ginseng polysaccharides based on molecular weight.METHODS Ginseng polysaccharides were obtained from condensed water extract of ginseng by graded ethanol precipitation with ethanol at three concentrations of 40%,60%,and 80%,and gel chromatography.The polysaccharides had the determinations of molecular weight,sugar content,monosaccharide composition and in vitro immunoregulatory activities.RESULTS Four polysaccharides,namely WGP-40-F1,WGP-40-F2,WGP-60-F and WGP-80-F were obtained.This result revealed the gradual decrease of polysaccharides molecular weights with increase of ethanol concentration.Immunological experiments showed the effects of four polysaccharides in promoting lymphocyte proliferation in vitro,among which WGP-40-F1 displayed the strongest effect,followed in decreasing order by WGP-40-F2,WGP-60-F,and WGP-80-F.CONCLUSION Graded ethanol precipitation confers polysaccharides of different molecular weights,and the lower molecular weight fractions share enhanced in vitro immunostimulating activity within the range of 50~400μg/mL.