不同施肥处理对青萝卜生长和土壤性质的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Growth and Soil Properties of Turnip

目的以“绿翡翠”品种为材料,研究了不同施肥处理对青萝卜生长及土壤性质的影响,以筛选出适合坝上地区青萝卜的施肥方案。方法采用田间试验方法,设计5个施肥处理,研究不同施肥处理下青萝卜株高、叶长、叶宽、根长、根粗及土壤有机质、氮、磷、钾含量和pH的变化。结果各施肥处理都能促进青萝卜的生长,但以处理4的效果更明显。收获时,除叶宽与CK差异不明显外,处理4的株高、叶长、根长、根粗均显著高于CK,较CK分别提高了9.09%、18.89%、5.64%和7.32%。处理4的土壤碱解氮含量较CK降低了0.66%,吸收效果最好,速效磷含量明显高于其他处理,较CK提高了14.76%;速效钾含量以处理4的亏损量最少,较CK提高了56.61%,而其有机质含量较CK增加173.28%,是所有处理中增加最多的,土壤pH值从7.98降为7.57,使土壤更接近中性。结论处理4能够达到促进青萝卜生长,改善土壤性质的目的,是适合冀西北坝上地区青萝卜的施肥方案。

Objective The turnip variety"green jade"was used as experimental material to study the effects of different fertilization treatments on the growth and soil properties of green radish in order to select the fertilization scheme suitable for green radish in Bashang area.Methods Five fertilizer treatments were designed with field test method.The indicators such as plant height,length and width of leaf,length and diameter of fleshy roots,the contents of soil organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and pH at different periods were studied.Results All fertilization treatments could promote the growth of turnip,but it worked better with treatment 4.At harvest time,except for leaf width,the plant height,leaf length,root length and root diameter of treatment 4 were significantly higher than those of CK,by 9.09%,18.89%,5.64%and 7.32%,respectively.The content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen of treatment 4 decreased by 0.66%compared with CK,and the absorption effect was best.The content of available phosphorus in treatment 4 was significantly higher than that in other treatments,by 14.76%.The content of available potassium was the lowest loss in treatment 4,which was 56.61%higher than that of CK.The organic matter content of treatment 4 increased by 173.28%compared with that of CK,which was the largest increase among all treatments.Treatment 4 decreased soil pH from 7.98 to 7.57,making the soil more neutral.Conclusion The treatment 4 could promote the growth of turnip and improve the properties of soil,which was a suitable fertilization scheme for turnip grown in Bashang area of the northwest region of Hebei Province.