椎管内麻醉中腰椎定位方法的研究进展

Research Progress of Lumbar Vertebrae Positioning in Intraspinal Anesthesia

椎管内麻醉是临床常用的麻醉方法之一,精确的腰椎间隙定位可提高椎管内麻醉穿刺的成功率。目前,椎管内麻醉腰椎定位的方法主要包括体表标志定位与影像学定位两种。其中,传统的体表标志定位虽然准确率不高,但操作简单、易行,是临床较常用的腰椎定位方法;影像学定位在与麻醉学的跨学科合作中提高了腰椎间隙定位的准确性,但受限于可能的电离辐射及临床设备要求高等缺点,因此临床应用并不广泛。未来进一步深入研究体表标志定位法及影像学技术定位法,可以为椎管内麻醉准确定位腰椎提供新的思路。

Intraspinal anesthesia is one of the commonly used anesthetic methods in clinic.Accurate location of lumbar interspace can improve the success rate of interspinal anesthesia puncture.At present,the methods of lumbar spine localization during interspinal anesthesia mainly include body surface marker locating and imaging locating.Although the accuracy of traditional body surface landmarks is not high,the method is simple and easy to operate,which is still commonly used in practice.And the imaging technology improves the accuracy of lumbar intervertebral space localization in cooperation with anesthesiology,however,it is limited by possible ionizing radiation and high requirements of clinical equipment,and is not widely used in clinic.In the future,further study on the methods of body landmarks positioning and imaging technology positioning should be conducted,so as to provide a new idea for the accurate locating of lumbar vertebrae in spinal anesthesia.