智慧养老的伦理风险及其消解

The Ethical Risk of Intelligent Elderly Care and Its Resolution

智慧养老是大数据、人工智能等数字技术与养老服务深度融合的新型养老模式,为解决当今社会老龄化、少子化问题,满足社会养老需求提供了重要的方式和途径。智慧养老也潜藏着一定的伦理风险,如人机交互模式下的安全失控、主体识别困境下的责任模糊、家庭关系改变下的道德失范以及智能技术支配下的主体迷失。伦理风险的产生受到多重因素的交互影响,包括隐含的“技术至上”理念、技术内在局限性与主体需求多元的张力、伦理规制与政策法规的滞后以及孝养意识的淡化与子女缺位。为此,需要重构人文主义与孝养伦理,加强伦理规制与制度建设,推动技术融合与创新,提高养老产品安全性和适老性,消解智慧养老的伦理风险,提高老年人生活幸福感。

Smart elderly care is a new type of elderly care model that deeply integrates digital technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence with elderly care services.It provides an important way to solve the problem of aging and declining birthrate in today’s society and meet the needs of society for elderly care.At the same time,intelligent elderly care also hides certain ethical risks,such as safety out of control in the human-computer interaction mode,fuzzy responsibilities under the dilemma of subject identification,moral anomie under the change of family relations,and subject loss under the dominance of smart technology.The generation of ethical risks is affected by the interaction of multiple factors,including the implicit“technological supremacy”concept,the inherent limitations of technology and the multiple tensions of the subject’s needs,the lag of ethical regulations and policies and regulations,the weakening of awareness of filial piety and the absence of children.Therefore,it is necessary to reconstruct humanism and filial piety ethics,strengthen ethical regulations and system construction,promote technological integration and innovation,improve the safety and adaptability of elderly care products,eliminate the ethical risks of intelligent elderly care,and improve the happiness of the elderly.