长期服用抗精神病药脑电图异常相关因素分析

Analysis of Related Factors of Abnormal EEG after Taking Antipsychotics for a Long Time

目的:观察长期服用抗精神病药物的精神疾病患者的脑电图异常检出率,对其影响因素进行分析,提出预防措施。方法:选取2020年6月至2020年12月期间在泉州市第三医院住院的长期服用抗精神病药物患者256例进行脑电图检查,统计检出异常率;并观察不同药物种类、不同年龄段、不同服药时间患者的脑电异常率,对脑电图异常的危险因素进行分析。结果:256例患者中154例(60.16%)出现脑电图异常,其中轻度异常在临床中最常见,重度异常最少见。不同药物种类中,氯氮平使用者脑电图异常率最高;不同年龄段中,年龄>60岁脑电图异常率较高。结论:长期服用抗精神病药物患者出现脑电图异常的影响因素主要为年龄>60岁、长期服用氯氮平,故临床需结合患者年龄合理选择药物,尽量选择对脑电图影响较小的药物,且密切监测患者病情变化,适当调整或优化治疗方案。

Objective Observe the abnormal detection rate of EEG in patients with mental illness who have taken antipsychotics for a long time,analyze its influencing factors,and propose preventive measures.Methods From June 2020 to December 2020,256 patients who were hospitalized in Quanzhou Third Hospital who took antipsychotic drugs for a long time were examined by EEG,and the abnormal rate was counted;and different types of drugs and different age groups were observed.,The abnormal rate of EEG of patients with different medication time,and analyze the risk factors of abnormal EEG.Results 154(60.16%)of 256 patients had EEG abnormalities,of which mild abnormalities were the most common clinically,and severe abnormalities were the least common.Among different types of drugs,clozapine users have the highest rate of abnormal EEG;among different age groups,the abnormal rate of EEG is higher than that of 60 years old.Conclusion The main influencing factors for abnormal EEG in patients taking antipsychotics for a long time are age>60 years old and long-term use of clozapine.Therefore,it is necessary to choose drugs reasonably according to the age of patients in clinical practice,and try to choose drugs with smaller EEG levels.And closely monitor the patient’s condition changes,and appropriately adjust or optimize the treatment plan.