2021年秀山县油菜菌核病重发特点及原因分析

Analysis of the Characteristics and Causes of the Outburst of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Rapeseed Crop in Xiushan County in 2021

油菜菌核病是由核盘菌Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.)de Bary引起的一种病害.2021年,重庆市秀山县油菜菌核病总体中等偏重发生(4级),局部大发生(5级),比上年加重了1个级别.从病株率分析,是2009年统计以来发生最重的一年,达到40.6%;从病情指数分析,是2015年以来发生最重的一年,达到23.26.菌核病重发特点表现为病害发生早、后期流行迅速、发生普遍、为害严重等.本文从气候条件、品种抗性、防治水平等方面分析秀山县油菜菌核病的重发原因,为指导今后油菜菌核病防控提供参考.

Sclerotinia blight of rape is a disease caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum(Lib.)de Bary.In 2021,the occurrence of rape sclacrosclertia blight in Xiushan County of Chongqing is moderately severe(Grade 4),and locally severe(Grade 5),which is one grade worse than that in the previous year.The percentage of diseased rape plants is 40.6%in 2021,the highest since 2009,and the disease index is 23.26%,the highest since 2015.The recurrence of sclerotium disease in 2021 is characterized by the early occurrence,rapid epidemic,widespread occurrence and serious harm.In this paper,the causes of outburst of sclerotinia blight of rape in Xiushan in 2021 are analyzed from the aspects of climate conditions,variety resistance and control level,so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of S.sclerotiorum in rape in the future.