托卡马克中磁流体不稳定性与高能量离子相互作用

Interaction between magnetohydrodynamic instabilitiesand energetic-ions in tokamak plasmas

在托卡马克中,磁流体不稳定性与高能量离子相互作用是一个非常重要的问题,它对未来聚变堆稳态长脉冲运行至关重要。HL-2A是我国第一个具有先进偏滤器位形的非圆截面的托卡马克核聚变实验研究装置。撕裂模是托卡马克中的一种基本的电阻磁流体不稳定性,它可以改变磁场的拓扑结构,形成输运短路,甚至会触发大破裂。高能量离子在燃烧等离子体和各种外部辅助加热过程中是不可避免会产生的。目前,撕裂模与高能量离子相互作用依然存在一些关键性问题,例如撕裂模与高能量离子相互作用的共振关系、该物理过程导致高能量离子损失的物理机理等,并且还没有完整的关于撕裂模与高能量离子共振相互作用的数值模拟工作。因此,本综述论文主要从以下三个方面展开:1)回顾撕裂模与高能量离子相互作用的研究历史;2)基于HL-2A实验,从数值模拟的角度讨论撕裂模与高能量离子共振相互作用的物理机理以及其导致高能量离子损失的物理机制;3)展望未来聚变堆中撕裂模与高能量离子相互作用的情况。

The Interaction between magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)instabilities and energetic-ions in in Tokamak plasmas is one of the key issues,which is crucial for the steady-state long pulse operation of future reactors.HL-2A is the first magnetic confined fusion experiment research tokamak device with the non-circular cross-section and advanced divertor configuration in China.Tearing mode is one kind of fundamental resistive MHD instability that can change the topology of the magnetic field,induce a shortcut in transport and even trigger major disruptions.Energetic-ions are inevitably produced in burning plasmas and various external auxiliary heating processes.There are still some critical problems on debate,such as the resonance condition between tearing mode and energetic-ions,the mechanism of energetic-ions loss induced by this resonant interaction.So far,there is still not acomplete simulation work with respect to the resonant interaction between tearing mode and energetic-ions in the magnetically confined plasmas.Hence,this review paper focuses on the following three aspects.Firstly,we retrospect the history of the interaction between tearing mode and energetic-ions.Secondly,based on HL-2A experiments,the numerical simulation results with respect to the resonant interaction between energetic-ions and tearing modes and the loss mechanism of energetic-ions are introduced.Finally,the prospects of the resonant interaction between energetic-ions and tearing mode in future reactors are made.