中国境外(老挝)罂粟替代种植政策的问题研究

Research on the Problems of Implementing Opium Poppy Substitution Cultivation Policy Outside China(Laos)

罂粟替代种植政策是中国履行大国责任的一项重要内容,实践至今,其概念的内涵与外延逐步升华和发展,呈现出从简单的经济作物替代向综合利用和加工为主的替代产业转型,对改变老挝等国家的农业生产和农村经济发挥了重要作用。同时,也出现了替代作物产品返销中国的配额难以完成,替代作物品种无法适应当地的发展和需要,替代种植企业没能发挥出示范带动作用,替代作物技术传播途径太单一,通关时间长、物流成本和损耗大等问题。基于此,提出了促进中国境外罂粟替代种植更好地发展的相关对策建议。

Opium poppy substitution cultivation policy is an important part of China’s fulfillment of the responsibilities of great powers.Since its practice,the concept and extension of this policy have gradually sublimated and developed,showing a transition from simple economic crop substitution to comprehensive utilization and processing-based alternative industries.The policy has played an important role in changing the agricultural production and rural economy of Laos and other countries.Meanwhile,it has emerged some problems,such as it is difficult to complete the quota of alternative crop products to be sold back to China,alternative crop varieties cannot adapt to local development and needs,alternative planting companies have failed to play a demonstration role,alternative crop technology transmission channels are too simple,customs clearance time is long,and logistics cost and loss are high,and so on.Based on this,relevant countermeasures and suggestions on promoting the better development of opium poppy alternative cultivation outside China were put forward.