晚明文人秦地旅游研究——以文人游记为中心

Literati Travels of Shaanxi in the Late Ming Dynasty——A Case Study of Literati Travel Notes

晚明既是旅游发展的黄金期,也是游记文体发展的黄金期,然而目前关于这一问题的研究明显有着“重南轻北”的倾向。从地域上言,晚明秦地游客主要有两大来源:一是以江浙为中心的东部沿海地区;一是以陕西为中心,与陕西毗邻或距离较近的省份。经济、文化、地域是影响秦地旅游的三大重要因素。晚明文人的秦地旅游时间呈现出鲜明的季节性特征,旅游活动多集中在春、夏、秋三季,旅游往往和文官处理公务之间有着相伴相生的关系。晚明时期秦地最热门的旅游景点是华山,文人在游记中主要渲染的是华山高、险、奇这三大特征。晚明秦地旅游者客源地的分析、秦地旅游规律的提炼总结、古代游记对于秦地旅游景点的艺术化呈现,对于今日陕西旅游的发展皆可起到较大的推进作用。

The Late Ming marked a golden age of travels,and it witnessed how travel notes prospered.Nevertheless,the existing research works mostly focus on South China while few focus on the north.Geographically speaking,there are two main sources of tourists from Qin areas in the late Ming Dynasty:one is the eastern coastal area centered on Jiangsu and Zhejiang;the other is centered on Shaanxi,then carry over into provinces adjacent to or close to Shaanxi.Economy,culture and region are the three important factors that influence tourism in the Qin prefecture.The travel time of the literati in Qin in the late Ming Dynasty showed distinctive seasonal characteristic.Tourism activities were mostly concentrated in the three seasons of spring,summer and autumn.Tourism often had an accompanying relationship with the handling of official duties by civil officials.The most popular tourist attraction in the Qin area of the Late Ming period was Mount Hua.The three characteristics of Huashan,which are height,danger and myskmsaess,were mainly exaggerated by the literati in their travel notes.Analyzing the source of tourists of Qin in the late Ming Dynasty,summarizing the rules of tourists traveling in the Qin area,thinking about the artistic presentation of tourist attractions in Qin in ancient travel notes can vigorously prompt the development of Shaanxi’s tourism at present.