海关学的学科构建、学科组成与未来发展:学科演进的视角

Construction,Composition and Prospect of the Discipline of Customs Studies:from the Perspective of Discipline Evolution

海关学是一门以进出境监管活动为研究对象、以维护国家利益和国家安全为目标、探索国门安全治理规律的学科。我国的海关学研究历经“前学科”时期、“准学科”时期和朝向“常规学科”发展的学科演进路径。海关学的学科内容主要包括海关学原理、海关法学、海关监管学、海关税收学、海关情报学、国际海关学、总体安全观与中国国门安全研究等。在目前的国家安全学研究中,海关学是一个尚未引起学者关注的重要领域。植根于维护国门安全的现实需求和完善国家安全学学科体系理论需要的海关学,应当成为国家安全学学科体系的重要组成部分。基于交叉学科的属性和内在特点,以国家安全学的研究方法和主要理论来厘清海关学的研究旨趣并拓展研究范畴,以公共管理学的基本规律推进海关学的理论研究深度,或是当下海关学学科建设的一个合理选择。在海关学的建设过程中,必须强化学科自觉意识、加强核心基础理论研究、注重研究方法集成整合、搭建跨学科的交流平台和探索多元人才培养机制。

Regarding the entry and exit regulatory activities as research object,customs studies explore the rules of border security governance to safeguard national interests and national security.The research of customs studies in China has followed the evolution path from“pre-discipline”period,“quasi-discipline”period to“regular discipline”.The content of customs studies mainly covers the following domains:principles of customs studies,customs law,customs control,customs revenue,customs intelligence,international customs,with overall national security and border security of China.Up till now,customs studies have not aroused the attention of the scholars in national security studies.Thus it is essential to incorporate customs studies into the subject system of national security studies.It is in the context of the increasing needs of maintaining border security and improving the discipline system of national security studies.Based on the interdisciplinary attributes and characteristics,it could be a reasonable choice for the discipline construction of customs studies to clarify the research purpose and expand the scope of customs studies by referring to the research methods and theories of national security studies,and to promote and deepen the theoretical studies of customs studies with the basic rules of public administration.In the construction of Customs studies,we must strengthen discipline awareness,emphasize basic theoretical research,pay attention to the integration of research methods,build an interdisciplinary platform and explore a diversified talent training mechanism.