一种自然通风防辐射罩的设计与研究

Design and Research of a Natural Ventilation Radiation Shield

为了降低太阳直接辐射、散射辐射、下垫面反射辐射等对现有气象站中温度传感器的影响,设计了一种多导管式球形防辐射罩。首先对防辐射罩外形结构进行设计;然后通过计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)方法对风速、太阳辐射强度、太阳高度角等不同环境参数下传感器的辐射误差进行量化;接着,采用支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)算法训练预测模型;最后,利用外场辐射误差实验平台对其辐射屏蔽效果及算法预测精度进行验证。实验结果表明,辐射误差精度可降至0.05℃量级。可见,此防辐射罩降低辐射效果显著。

In order to reduce the influence of direct solar radiation,scattered solar radiation and reflected solar radiation on the temperature sensors in existing weather stations,a multi tube spherical radiation shield was designed.Firstly,the shape structure of the radiation shield was designed.Then,computational fluid dynamics method was used to quantify the radiation error of the sensor under different environmental parameters such as wind speed,solar radiation intensity and solar altitude angle.Then,support vector machine algorithm was used to train the prediction model.Finally,the radiation shielding effect and the prediction accuracy of the algorithm were verified by using the external field radiation error experimental platform.The experimental results show that the accuracy of radiation error can be reduced to the order of 0.05℃.It can be seen that the radiation shield has remarkable effect in reducing radiation.