职业教育产教融合的发展变革、困境及深化策略

Development,Reform,Dilemma and Deepening Strategy of the Integration of Industry and Education in Vocational Education

深化产教融合是我国加快经济转型升级,促进教育链、人才链、产业链、创新链有机衔接的有效途径。文章分析了从计划经济时期到目前为止,涉及职业教育中有关校企关系的文件规定,梳理总结出每一时期校企关系的特点以及与国家经济建设的关联,并指出目前产教融合所面临的政策、法律不健全,校企双方不积极,行业组织不作为,主体利益不平衡等困境,从宏观、中观、微观3个层次探究了突破这些困境的方法。

Deepening the integration of industry and education is an effective way for China to accele-rate economic transformation and upgrading and to promote the organic connection of education chain,talent chain,industrial chain and innovation chain.This paper analyzes the documents related to the relationship between schools and enterprises in vocational education from the period of planned economy till now,sorts out and summarizes the characteristics of the relationship between schools and enterprises in each period as well as its relationship with national economic construction.It also points out the difficulties faced by the integration of industry and education at present,such as imperfect policies and laws,inactive schools and enterprises,inaction of industrial organizations,imbalance of interests among subjects and so on,and explores ways to break through these difficulties from macro,meso and micro levels.