教育惩戒正当性论证的偏离与回归

Alienation and Return of Justification of Education Discipline

在教师惩戒行为备受争议的背后,是多元价值观和不同利益诉求难以统一的问题。正当性论证是对事物、制度或行动的价值论证。合法性是正当性实现的必要条件,也是正当性的重要表现形式,在教育惩戒中合法性不能代替正当性。教育惩戒的正当性在于惩戒行为的教育性与正义性,既符合了教育价值的目的性,也实现了教育关系的正义性,教育性是惩戒行为的良善动机,正义性是惩戒行为的应然效果。教育性意味着教师的惩戒行为是为了实现教育的价值,规范与引导受教育者的发展;教育惩戒的正义性意味着教师的惩戒行为让每一个受教育者都受到了应受的教育,且这种教育是好的。

Behind the controversial teacher's discipline behavior is the problem of difficulty in unifying multiple values and different interests.The justification argument is a value argument for things,systems,or actions.Legitimacy is a necessary condition for the realization of legitimacy and an important manifestation of legitimacy.Legitimacy cannot replace legitimacy in education and punishment.The legitimacy of educational punishment lies in the educational and justice of the disciplinary action,which conforms to the purpose of educational value and also realizes the justice of the educational relationship.Education is the good motivation for disciplinary actions,and justice is the effect of the implementation of disciplinary actions.Educational means that teachers'disciplinary actions are to realize the value of education,to regulate and guide the development of the educated;the justice of educational disciplinary actions means that the teachers^disciplinary actions allow every educated to receive the education they deserve.And this kind of education is good.