新时代本科专业评估:逻辑理路、应用探索与发展趋向

Undergraduate Major Evaluation in the New Era:Logic,Practical Exploration and Trends

从"双一流"建设政策出台到"双万计划"政策实施,我国高等教育政策从宏观层面聚焦至微观层面,然而与之相对应的评价体系却相对滞后,本科层次的专业评估成为高等教育评价体系的"软肋"。在全面提升本科人才培养质量的新征程中,本科专业评估应适应专业大类招生改革的新形势,在科学界定专业边界的基础上,抽象出反映本科专业建设质量的核心要素,在评价指标上构建全过程的闭环体系,在评价方式中引入同行评议机制。对江苏省高校计算机本科专业大类的评价指标设计与案例应用显示,对本科专业大类的评估有利于引导高校的专业建设和质量提升,并为一流专业遴选和专业结构优化提供参考。未来在本科专业评估方面应形成多元参与的共同治理机制,探索大数据驱动、宏观与微观协同的立体式评价系统。

From the introduction of the"first-class universities and disciplines of the world"construction policy to the implementation of the"double ten-thousand plan",the focus of China’s higher education policies has gradually focused on the micro-level.However,the corresponding transformation of the evaluation system is relatively lagging,and the undergraduate major evaluation has become the"soft spot"of the higher education evaluation system.In the new journey of improving the quality of undergraduate talents training,undergraduate major evaluation should adapt to the new situation like the enrollment reform of major categories.And,therefore,it is necessary to abstract out the core elements which reflect the quality of undergraduate major construction based on scientifically defining,construct a whole-process closed-loop system and introduce peer review mechanism into the evaluation method.The evaluation index design and case application of undergraduate computer majors in universities of Jiangsu province show that the evaluation of undergraduate major categories is helpful to guide major construction and quality improvement of colleges and universities.It can also provide reference information for the selection of first-class majors and the optimization of its structure.In the future,a joint governance mechanism with multiple participation should be formed and a three-dimensional evaluation system driven by big data and coordinated between macro and micro levels should be explored in the evaluation of undergraduate majors.