人羊膜上皮细胞修复损伤神经的作用及机制

Effect and mechanism of human amniotic epithelial cells on nerve injury repair

背景:人羊膜上皮细胞与其他各种干细胞相比,发育更原始,扩增能力更强,特别是具有来源广、获取成本低、可控性强等众多优势,对神经损伤修复过程有着重要的积极影响,是一种具有广泛应用前景的种子细胞。目的:总结人羊膜上皮细胞在神经损伤治疗中的应用效果,为临床神经损伤的治疗提供参考及依据。方法:检索PubMed数据库2000-2020年之间的相关文章,英文检索词为“central nervous system injury,peripheral nerve injury,amniotic epithelial cells,cell therapy,tissue engineering,genetic engineering,repair,regenerate”,检索中国知网、维普、万方等数据库2000-2020年之间的相关文章,中文检索词为“中枢神经损伤,周围神经损伤,人羊膜上皮细胞,细胞治疗,组织工程,基因工程,修复,再生”。对文献资料及参考文献进行逐一查阅。结果与结论:人羊膜上皮细胞具有强大的神经组织修复再生和保护能力,可避免其他干细胞移植时出现的免疫排斥、致瘤风险等问题,是治疗神经系统疾病的可靠细胞来源之一,未来的研究不仅仍需在其基本生物学特性方面继续深入,还需在诱导分化能力方面进一步展开。

BACKGROUND:Compared with other kinds of stem cells,human amniotic epithelial cells are more primitive in development and stronger in expansion.In particular,they have many advantages,such as wide sources,low acquisition costs and strong controllability.They have an important positive effect on the process of nerve damage repair,which is a kind of“seed cell”with wide application prospects.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the application effect of human amniotic membrane epithelial cells in the treatment of nerve injury,and provide reference and basis for the treatment of clinical nerve injury.METHODS:Articles in PubMed database from 2000 to 2020 were searched using the search terms of“central nervous system injury,peripheral nerve injury,amniotic epithelial cells,cell therapy,tissue engineering,genetic engineering,repair,regenerate”.Articles in databases of CNKI,VIP and Wanfang from 2000 to 2020 were retrieved with the search terms of“central nervous system injury,peripheral nerve injury,human amniotic epithelial cells,cell therapy,tissue engineering,genetic engineering,repair,regenerate”.The literature and references were reviewed one by one.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Human amniotic epithelial cells have strong nerve tissue repair,regeneration and protection capabilities,which can avoid immune rejection and tumorigenic risks that occur during other stem cell transplantation.They are one of the reliable cell sources for the treatment of neurological diseases.Future research is not only needed to deepen its basic biological characteristics,but also needs to be further developed in differentiation ability.