尼古丁对干细胞的影响

Impact of nicotine on stem cells

背景:干细胞治疗具有巨大的临床应用潜力。在干细胞植入患者前,需要对干细胞来源进行传染病和遗传疾病的筛查,但是一些与生活方式相关的重要因素往往容易被忽略,尤其是吸烟。吸烟是许多疾病发生的危险因素,且随着电子烟使用的增加,尼古丁暴露越来越严重和普遍。目的:着重描述和分析体外尼古丁暴露对各类干细胞的影响。方法:检索PubMed和中国知网数据库1806-2021年间收录的相关文章,英文检索词为“nicotine,tobacco smoking,stem cells therapy,embryonic stem cells,mesenchymal stem cells,induced pluripotent stem cells,periodontal ligament-derived stem cells”,中文检索词为“尼古丁,吸烟,干细胞治疗,胚胎干细胞,间充质干细胞,诱导性多能干细胞,牙周膜干细胞”,按纳入和排除标准共选择文献59篇进行归纳总结。结果与结论:尼古丁激活胚胎干细胞、间充质干细胞、诱导多能性干细胞和牙周膜干细胞上的神经元烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体,通过多种机制对它们的增殖、分化、迁移和凋亡过程产生影响。目前尼古丁对干细胞影响的研究虽然面临严峻的挑战,但由于“健康干细胞”是干细胞治疗的必备前提,所以有必要研究尼古丁对干细胞的影响。

BACKGROUND:Stem cell therapy has great clinical application potential.Stem cell donor needs to be screened for infectious and genetic diseases before implantation,but some important factors related to lifestyle are often overlooked,especially smoking.For many diseases,smoking is a risk factor.With the increasing use of e-cigarettes,nicotine exposure is becoming serious and widespread.OBJECTIVE:To describe and analyze the effects of nicotine exposure on various types of stem cells.METHODS:Articles were searched on PubMed and CNKI databases published between 1806 and 2021.The search terms were“nicotine,tobacco smoking,stem cells therapy,embryonic stem cells,mesenchymal stem cells,induced pluripotent stem cells,periodontal ligament-derived stem cells”in Chinese and English.A total of 59 articles were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and summarized.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Nicotine activates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in embryonic stem cells,mesenchymal stem cells,induced pluripotent stem cells and periodontal membrane stem cells through a variety of mechanisms to affect their proliferation,differentiation,migration and apoptosis.At present,although the research on the effect of nicotine on stem cells is facing severe challenges,it is very necessary to study the effect of nicotine on stem cells,because“healthy stem cells”are the prerequisite for stem cell therapy.