婴儿肝炎综合征患儿家属认知、需求、信念、行为及影响因素调查

Investigation on the cognition,need,belief,behavior of family members of children with infantile hepatitis syndrome and relative factors influencing them

目的了解婴儿肝炎综合征(infantile hepatitis syndrome,IHS)患儿家属对IHS相关知识认知、需求、信念、行为及影响因素,为实施干预措施提供依据。方法2018年8月-2021年6月,采用自行设计问卷调查表,对96例IHS患儿家属进行调查。结果患儿家属对IHS相关知识及格3例(3.12%),不及格93例(96.88%),需要95例(98.96%),不需要1例(1.04%)。信念平均持有率96.88%,行为平均形成率41.52%,影响认知的主要因素为学历、性别、付费方式(t分别为11.954、3.147、2.333,P<0.05);影响需求的主要因素为学历、职业、家庭人均月收入(t分别为9.761、3.688、3.638,P<0.05);影响信念的主要因素有职业中的农民、无职业、干部(t分别为23.885、21.185、4.761,P<0.05);影响行为的主要因素为学历、付费方式、家庭人均月收入(t分别为5.253、3.304、2.236,P<0.05)。结论IHS患儿家属对疾病相关知识认知水平低,需求率高;信念与行为不相符;影响认知、需求、信念、行为主要因素有学历、性别、职业、家庭人均月收入(元)、付费方式。加强对IHS患儿家属的健康教育,以提高家属对疾病相关知识的认知、信念、行为,从而减少其心理负担,提高治疗护理效果及其生活质量。

Objective To understand the knowledge,needs,beliefs,behaviors of family members of children with infantile hepatitis syndrome(IHS)and factors influencing on them,so as to provide evidence for intervention.Methods From August 2018 to June 2021,the family members of 96 patients with IHS were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire.Results In terms of tests of IHS knowledge,3 cases(3.12%)passed,93 cases(96.88%)failed,95 cases(98.96%)needed IHS knowledge acquisition,and 1 case(1.04%)did not need IHS knowledge acquisition.The average rate of holding relevant belief was 96.88%,and the average rate of forming relevant behavior was 41.52%.The main factors influencing their cognition were educational background,gender and payment method(t=11.954,3.147,2.333,respectively,P<0.05).The main factors affecting their needs were educational background,occupation and per capita monthly income of family(t=9.761,3.688,3.638,respectively,P<0.05).The main factors affecting their belief were the occupation identities including peasants,non-occupation and cadres(t=23.885,21.185,4.761,respectively,P<0.05).The main factors influencing their behaviors were educational background,payment method and per capita monthly income(t=5.253,3.304,2.236,respectively,P<0.05).Conclusion The family members of children with ISH have low cognition level on disease-related knowledge and high rate of needing such knowledge.Their beliefs do not correspond with their behaviors.The main factors affecting their cognition,needs,beliefs and behaviors are education background,gender,occupation,per capita monthly income of family(Yuan)and payment method.Health education for families of patients with IHS should be strengthened to improve their cognition on disease-related knowledge,beliefs and behaviors,so as to reduce their psychological burden and to improve the treatment and nursing effect and their quality of life.