基于多选择目标规划方法的生产者责任组织成本分摊合作博弈研究

Research on cooperative game for cost sharing of producer responsibility organization based on multi-choice goal programming method

在生产者责任延伸制度下,由不同生产者联盟组建生产者责任组织,并针对不同企业的废旧产品尝试采取差异化的回收策略,是一种创新的合作回收模式.基于此背景,在政府强制回收率和补贴机制下,利用多选择目标规划方法构建生产者责任组织回收决策优化模型,生成基于合作联盟的成本特征函数,进一步提出融入差异化回收处理费用的修正Shapley值、用于在生产者责任组织成员企业间分摊总运营成本.通过算例验证表明:多选择目标规划方法能够实现生产者责任组织回收决策优化,即总成本不高于成员企业独立回收情形下的成本之和,同时实现废旧产品回收总量的增加;相对于经典Shapley值,所提出的修正Shapley值能更好地反映产品间回收处理成本的差异性,有助于激励生产者在设计生产阶段改进产品的可回收性.

Given the extended producer responsibility policy,various producers form a coalition and act as a single entity which is so-called producer responsibility organization(PRO).Considering different recyclability of different producers’ end-of-life(EOL) products,differentiated collection strategies are employed for different producers,which arises as an innovatively cooperative recycling practice.Along this line,given the minimum collection rate required by government and a subsidy policy,this paper develops a collection rate decision model based on multi-choice goal programming(MCGP) to explore the characteristic functions for various producer coalitions.Furthermore,by incorporating the different unit recycling costs of different producers’ EOL products,we propose a revised Shapley value to allocate the overall cost incurred by PRO.The numerical study shows that our model based on MCGP can improve the collection rate decisions for PRO in the sense that PRO can collect more EOL products with cost no more than the summation of producers ’ costs in non-cooperative case.On the other hand,compared to the classical Shapley value,the proposed revised Shapley value better reflects the recyclability differences for different types of EOL products,which may lead to the producers ’ effort on the recyclability improvement of their products in the design and manufacturing stages.