“双积分”政策下考虑价格、减排和续航的汽车供应链协调

Automobile supply chain coordination considering auto price,emission reduction and the mileage range in one charge under the "double points" policy

"双积分"政策从供给侧对汽车产品质量和节能减排水平提出了更高要求.以两个汽车制造商和一个汽车经销商组成的两级供应链为研究对象,在需求侧同时受汽车价格、减排(低碳偏好)和续航因素的影响下,对汽车供应链进行优化决策、对三种不同供应链契约的协调效果进行研究,并通过数值分析验证结论.研究表明:1)消费者低碳偏好意识、续航能力关切的增大分别可以促进汽车制造商提高减排努力水平和续航努力水平.2)提高新能源汽车积分比例可以抑制燃油车的生产,但不能促进减排努力水平的提高.新能源汽车积分核算系数越高,对该产业发展的推动作用越强.3)成本分担和收益共享契约均只能实现Pareto改善,不能完全消除"双重"边际效应;两部定价契约可完全协调汽车供应链.

The "double points " policy requires a higher automotive quality,energy conservation and emission reduction from the supply side.This paper,by considering the vehicle price,carbon remission reduction(consumers’ low-carbon preference),and consumers’ concerns about the mileage range in one charge from the demand side,studied the supply chain decision and coordination issue of a two-tier supply chain consisted by two carmakers and a dealer.The optimization decision and corresponding parameters of automobile supply chain was firstly analyzed,and then the coordination effects of three different supply chain contracts were explored,which was followed by a numerical analysis to verify the theoretical conclusions.The research findings are as follows:1) The improvement of consumers’ low-carbon preference and consumers’ concern about the mileage range in one charge can promote automobile manufacturers to further reduce their carbon emissions and improve the mileage range in one charge.2) The increase of new energy vehicles ’ points ratio can restrain the production of fuel vehicles,but cannot promote the improvement of emission reduction efforts.There is a positive correlation between new energy vehicles ’ score accounting coefficient and the promotion effects to new energy vehicle industry.3) Neither cost sharing nor revenue sharing contracts can completely eliminate the "double" marginal effect(which can only achieve Pareto improvement),while the two-part tariff contract can fully coordinate automobile supply chain.